Careers in social work

masked therapy session
masked therapy session

It’s National Social Workers Week, and it’s a great time to consider the career of social work.

If you’re interested in social sciences, and you’re looking for a career where you can work one-on-one with a variety of individuals AND make a real difference in their lives, then you might find that the field of Child, Family, and School Social Workers is a great fit for you.

What do Child, Family, and School Social Workers do?

Social workers help clients understand the range of services available to them, connect them to organizations and programs that will help them, and teach them how to advocate for themselves in the future. Good record keeping of conversations and activity is critical.  Child, family, and school social workers do this work for government agencies, non-profits, school systems, and in residential facilities.

Child and family social workers protect vulnerable children and help families function more effectively. They often connect families with housing, child care, and welfare assistance. They may promote better parenting skills, coordinate adoptions, and find foster homes for abandoned or abused children. School social workers deal with problems like bullying, truancy, and teenage pregnancy, and they may also advise teachers. Some travel to multiple schools in a school district.

What kind of education or experience do you need to be a Child, Family, and School Social Worker?

 A bachelor’s degree in social work is the most common requirement to enter the field, though many also earn a master’s in social work. Visit the Local Training Finder to find social work programs near you.

Social workers also require licenses in many states.  Enter your location in the License Finder to learn the requirements in your state and connect with the agency that oversees licensing, if appropriate.

How much do Child, Family, and School Social Workers earn?

The median salary for Child, Family, and School Social Workers in the United States is $37,490.  But salaries can range depending on your location, place of employment, education credentials, and experience. A typical salary range is from as low as $30,000 to a high of $80,000.

What’s the job outlook for Child, Family, and School Social Workers?

Labor market experts agree that this occupation is expected to grow much faster than average over the next decade. While there were about 343,000 child, family, and school social workers employed in the United States in 2019, that number is expected to grow by 12 percent, to about 383,000 by 2029.

Where can I learn more about Child, Family, and School Social Workers?

Visit CareerOneStop’s Occupation Profile for Child, Family, and School Social Workers to learn more about the skills, requirements, and possibilities for a career in this field.

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Explore engineering careers

National Engineers Week
National Engineers Week

National Engineers Week, February 21 – 27, celebrates the diverse field of engineering and engineers’ contributions. Engineering careers offer enormous versatility, as their work makes a significant impact on so many areas, including agriculture, electronics, construction, manufacturing, medicine, and more.  Engineers have the opportunity to design things that matter, that last, and that significantly improve quality of life.

The word “engineer” entered English usage from terms related to devising and constructing.  These terms underscore the innovative character of all engineering fields. Interestingly, many trained engineers go on to work in largely unrelated jobs in management, law, healthcare, and more. One explanation is that earning a degree in engineering demonstrates discipline, hard work, and the ability to solve problems methodically and accurately, all attributes that translate to almost any field.

Job growth for most engineering careers is high, and while earnings vary depending on the type of engineer, salaries for engineers are considerably higher than average for all careers that require a bachelor’s degree.

Want to take a closer look at what engineering fields look like? Check out these CareerOneStop videos about engineering careers:

Aerospace engineers

Agricultural engineers

Biomedical engineer

Chemical engineers

Civil engineers

Computer hardware engineers

Electrical engineers

Environmental engineers

Health and safety engineers

Industrial engineers

Materials scientists

Mechanical engineers

Nuclear engineers

Petroleum engineers

You can find more engineering career details on the Occupation Profile and search for engineering education programs in your selected location.

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How do employers set salaries?

Businessman with report chart

Ever wonder how a salary range is set by a business or other employer? While many factors influence a job’s salary, the fundamental concept of supply and demand generally has the largest impact.

Usually, wages scale up as a position’s experience and skills qualifications increase, and based on how much money the person in a position will generate for the organization, but the nuance of hiring and wages really depend on the labor market.

In hiring terms, supply refers to the number of available workers to do a job, and demand refers to employers’ need for workers in that field. Basically, when there are a lot of people available who can do a particular job, wages for that job are lowered. For jobs that fewer people can do – for example they require specialized education or skills – employers often offer higher wages.

Customer service representatives, for example, are paid less than doctors, because it takes a lot longer to train to be a doctor than a customer service representative. Professional athletes and performers are paid much more than either of these occupations because the supply of extremely talented and skilled athletes and performers is very small.

State labor market offices keep close track of the types of jobs employers post throughout their state. They also record the salaries for those jobs. In turn, employers often consult this information to learn what typical salaries are across their city or region. They can often find figures for starting wages and mid-range or higher salaries for more experienced workers in the same occupation. They use this information to help determine an appropriate offer range when they hire. 

In a tight labor market – one where there are few unemployed workers with the necessary skills – a company will likely be hiring someone who already has a job.  In this case, paying the average salary probably won’t lure workers from other companies.

So to pay a lower wage or even the typical salary might only attract workers who need training and development to work at the desired level. Or the employer can offer more attractive wages and benefits to attract well-qualified applicants who might already be doing similar work and are willing to leave their current employment for some reason.

Other factors that influence a job’s salary include cost of living and work location, job quality, how attractive and well-respected an employer is, leadership and supervisor quality/relationships, work schedule, and more.

Information for this blog was contributed by Luke Greiner, Regional Analyst, Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development.

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Employment background checks: what you need to know

image of green checklist
image of green checklist

Background and other employment checks are a common piece of the job search process.

Many employers check into your background before making a job offer. Most often, this includes your past employment, your credit or financial history, or your criminal history. Read more about each of these below—in some cases, you’ll find that you can “pre-check” yourself to make sure no surprises come up during an employer’s check.

Your rights

You do have legal rights when an employer performs a background check on you. Employers are only allowed to ask about or check certain things, and they are only allowed to make hiring decisions based on certain data (for instance, they cannot base decisions on your age, race, religion, or disability status). The Federal Trade Commission has more information abut your rights regarding employment background checks

Employers cannot perform most of these checks without your permission. You may be asked to sign a document allowing the company to do a specific check. This can happen when you fill out a job application or submit a resume, or it can happen during the interview process.

Employment history checks

Employers verify past employment in several ways. The most common is to use databases of company payroll records and Social Security numbers to find your past jobs.

Also, a hiring manager might contact a past employer personally to verify employment. They usually talk to the human resources representative at your past employer.

In most cases, a past employer is allowed only to reveal the dates of your employment with that company, job titles you held, and if you are eligible for rehire. Any other details, including your job performance or reasons for leaving the job, are not discussed. Instead, your references may be asked about those topics.

Many employers also use E-Verify, from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, to determine whether candidates are legally eligible to work in the United States. You can visit myE-Verify to pre-check your work eligibility.

Credit checks

Some employers will check your financial history through a credit check.

It’s always a good idea to pre-check your credit history by ordering a free copy of your credit report. That way, you can fix any mistakes before an employer sees it—or you can be prepared to answer questions if you do have an issue in your credit history. Get your free credit report at www.annualcreditreport.com or 1-877-322-8228. This is a free service and you do not have to buy any products that they offer.

If you do see a mistake on your credit report, take action immediately. Learn how to dispute errors on your credit report from the Federal Trade Commission.

Criminal background checks

Many employers conduct criminal background checks. You do have rights regarding these checks. Learn about your rights regarding criminal background checks from the Federal Trade Commission. Read more about using arrest and conviction records in employment decisions from the U.S. Equal Opportunity Employment Commission.

If you do have a criminal background, visit CareerOneStop’s Job Search Help for Ex-Offenders for tips and resources, including how to talk about your conviction during a job interview.

Drug testing

An employer may require a drug test during the hiring process and after you’re hired. They are used to determine if someone has recently consumed alcohol, prescription medication, or illegal drugs. Employers are allowed to make hiring and firing decisions based on these tests. However, if the substance found in the test is an authorized prescription medication, the employer can not discriminate.

Employers can use several types of drug tests:

  • Pre-employment tests. An employer can decide to not make a job offer based on the results of a drug test given to a job candidate.
  • Reasonable suspicion and for-cause tests. When an employee shows signs of not being fit for duty or has a documented pattern of unsafe work behavior, the employer can issue a drug test.
  • Random tests. Employers might issue drug tests to all employees at unscheduled times. This discourages employees from using illegal drugs at any time.
  • Post-accident tests. An employer may test employees who are involved in an accident or unsafe practice incident to find out if alcohol or other drug use was a factor.

Each employer has its own policies regarding drug testing. You will know if a drug test is part of the hiring process. After hire, the company will give you a copy of their employee drug policies.

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Explore a career as a school counselor

National School Counseling Week 2021 graphic
National School Counseling Week 2021 graphic

National School Counseling Week, from February 1-5, 2021, is a time set aside to acknowledge the valuable work school counselors perform but also an opportunity to highlight this meaningful field as a potential career choice.

School counseling is a challenging, ever-changing career, the primary goal of which is to help young people achieve success. If you’ve had a helpful experience with a school counselor, or just like the idea of helping students in the K-12 education system, you may find a great career fit in this role.  

What do school counselors do?

School counselors work closely with students at all levels, from elementary school through high school. They offer help with academic, social and emotional needs and development. They also provide resources to help students explore and make education and career plans for after high school.

Many find personal fulfillment in this social, helping occupation that offers many opportunities to support young people who are dealing with barriers to achieving their potential. Topics that school counselors help students navigate include mental illness, bullying, academic struggles, and difficulties in relationships that affect school performance.

Job duties differ somewhat based on the age group of students: elementary school counselors often help evaluate students for learning challenges and support students’ success in the classroom and in forming relationships at school, while counselors at middle and high schools help students navigate adolescence and a broad array of social issues.  

School counselors participate in a variety of services, including:

  • Counsel students on academic, social and emotional issues
  • Mediate conflicts between students and teachers
  • Offer events to raise awareness about bullying, eating disorders, or other issues
  • Helping students navigate gender and sexual identity issues in the school environment
  • Develop career planning programs
  • Arrange speakers for career panels
  • Administer assessments
  • Refer students to mental health and chemical abuse treatment programs
  • Host college / apprenticeship / job fairs
  • Help students apply to college and scholarships
  • Plan events for parents to learn how to pay for college
  • Teach students how to apply for jobs

How do you become a school counselor?

School counselors practice their profession based on earning a series of qualifications. A bachelor’s degree in any major area is acceptable for applying to graduate school in the field, although sociology, psychology, or education are helpful majors to pursue. Most school counselors then earn a master’s degree in education and counseling, typically a two to three year program.

Following the graduate degree, state licensure requirements must be met, and these vary from one state to another. Generally, qualifying for licensure includes gaining two years of practical experience in the field, and in some states a teaching certificate, before taking the licensure exam.

Learn more

Read an Occupation Profile for School Counselors, or explore your career direction using CareerOneStop’s career assessments.

Find licensure information for school counselors in your state.

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7 steps to keep you motivated in your job search

Man hiking in woods
Man hiking in woods

A new year offers a sterling chance to refresh your job search and career goals. If you’ve been in the market for a while, it may be time to sharpen your focus and bring more energy and resilience into your methods. If you are just getting a start, take the time to learn how to keep yourself going through the ups and downs that confront just about every job seeker.

Pull out your favorite online or paper scheduling tool, take some notes, and shape these suggestions to fit your personal situation.

1. Make a detailed description of your new ideal job in writing.

Envision your workday from the time you wake up until leaving work for the day. When do you start? Where do you go? What do most of your day’s activities consist of? Who else is in the picture—who are your co-workers, customers, others involved? How long do you spend in meetings or out in the field?

Visualization is a powerful technique used by many leaders, athletes, performers and others to practice skills they want to perfect or create more of what they want. It works best when you put the details in place to really generate a sense of what it would be like to work in the new job. Emphasize what you want to create more of, vs what you may be trying to get away from or avoid.

2. Reflect on the purpose you intend to fulfill by getting the job you want.

Will you help others in some way? Improve a problematic situation, create something of value, or other purpose beyond your own immediate needs? Your focus may be on providing for your family and offering your children a positive example or paying your financial obligations. By putting your focus on this higher level, it can help firm your resolve and motivate you to take risks that might otherwise feel daunting. 

3. Keep your attention on the small steps you will take to reach your goals.

Each step—like writing a resume, completing a job application, making a phone call, doing some research—is in itself an important task that will move you closer to your new job.  And each step takes time, so create some calm and space for yourself by acknowledging the accomplishment of the step you’re on, vs. feeling frustrated by all that’s left to do.

4. Outline a structure to follow for your job search activity, week by week.

This way, you’ll have clear guidance when you’re energized, and support when you feel stuck or down. Include activities that will move you forward and keep you engaged. Keep in mind that you can ask for help and ideas from staff of an American Job Center, a friend, a mentor, a career counselor, or find job search resources at your local library. Make your plan manageable and detailed enough that you will understand what’s intended when you come back to it.

Include steps such as:

  • Take career assessments to focus your career goal
  • Write your elevator speech to highlight 3 key strengths and what you are looking for
  • Write a resume, ask at least two people to review it, then revise
  • Search job banks for openings in your field and location
  • Join professional associations and / or networking groups
  • Create or update social media profiles
  • Each week, reach out to at least 3-4 contacts in your desired field or target company on social media
  • Find a job club to join; many are currently operating online
  • Attend a professional event, training, networking, etc. – many are currently offering online options
  • Target 3-5 organizations you want to work for and conduct employer research on their mission / vision, key projects, strategies and goals, media presence, websites, etc.

5. If you have ample time on your hands, consider volunteer work.

It will provide more structure for your schedule which can make completing tasks easier; you may gain new knowledge and skills or improve current skills; the work provides an opportunity to contribute to others and feel inspired; and it may also offer experience to add to your resume. 

6. Maintain regular, daily practices that will elevate your energy.

Stick to the classics: get enough sleep, eat well, drink plenty of water, and exercise. This helps build a foundation to keep energy high. Take walks, get outdoors, move your body. Even if you are typically not much of an exerciser, now is the time to give yourself the gift of movement to help clear anxiety and keep yourself energized. Especially while job interviews are primarily conducted remotely, the boost of energy can improve the impression you make, besides fueling your job search activity and reducing stress.

7. If you feel exhausted and flat, take time off.

Don’t keep pushing. It can feel counterproductive to take a break when you’re intent on getting a job, but if you feel worn, not only is it important to take care of yourself, that flat energy would can give a less than flattering impression to your contacts or employers. Instead, set a time for yourself to invest in activities that refresh you like spending time with friends or relaxing.

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Are your skills out of date?

new skills puzzle piece
new skills puzzle piece

Want to develop new work skills that will open up more job opportunities? Or upgrade qualifications in your current career? This can be a great time to update your skills, and it doesn’t have to take a lot of time. There are lots of ways to develop skills online, and in your community.

Start with a clear focus

A practical place to start is by exploring what employers are looking for.  

  1. Scan job postings for the type of job you want to work in – your targeted field – on the Job Finder. Focus on the skills and qualifications section of job postings and make a note of the most mentioned.
  2. Find a professional association  in your targeted field. Go to their website to read about trends. The association is likely to publish articles about new developments, offer webinars, online conferences, and training. Associations can also be a great source of contacts to reach out to for recommendations on meaningful credentials in your local area.
  3. Visit Certification Finder to search for certifications in your targeted field. Note that certifications marked with a chili pepper (“hot certifications”) indicate those that are frequently mentioned in job postings.
  4. Search the Tools & Technology Finder to look up the most common tools or types of technology used in your targeted occupation.

Quick ways to gain skills

Once you’ve identified the types of skills and knowledge you’d like to focus on, there are some very accessible ways to get training quickly. The websites on this list offer classes that are either free or very low cost.

Training websites

  • Code Academy offers free online coding instruction for a variety of computer programs.
  • CourseraedX, and Academic Earth offer free online college classes through video lecture, quizzes, and readings.
  • GCF Learn Free emphasizes basic digital and software skills and job search topics.
  • Khan Academy offers free online learning in school subjects at levels from middle school through college.
  • LINCS Learner Center from the U.S. Department of Education connects you to free online resources to reach your life goals, including job skills, math and English proficiency, and more.
  • Major universities such as Stanford, Harvard, MIT, and Yale offer free online courses to the public. Find listings by searching the name of the institution and “free online classes.”
  • The OSHA Outreach Training Program provides workers with basic and more advanced training about common safety and health hazards on the job.
  • Language apps provide foreign language instruction in Spanish, Swahili, Japanese, Hindi, Russian, Mandarin, and more. Explore popular apps such as: Duolingo, Babbel, Busuu, or Memrise.

Community-based training sources

Resources in your local area are another good prospect for immediate training. Some options include:

  • Take an online class or find free introductory classes through public libraries or American Job Centers.
  • School districts and local not-for-profit organizations often offer free training for the public. Contact those in your area to ask about training. 
  • Volunteer at an organization that uses the kind of skills you need to develop or refresh. Many provide training.

Short-term training options to earn a credential

Professional certifications

Earning a certification can help you qualify for a job, advance in your career, or give an extra boost to your resume. Generally, you need to pass a test to earn a certification, and earning one shows that you have specific skills and knowledge.

Training to prepare for certification exams is usually available through the certification sponsors, such as professional associations or technology companies, or from a local community college. The time required varies a lot.

Some certifications could be earned in several days if you can dedicate all your time to studying and passing the exam. Some certifications have multiple levels and could require months or even years to complete all the elements. Look up certifications in your targeted field.

Certificate programs

A certificate can pay off by helping you qualify for a job, get a promotion, or earn more money. Many certificate programs offered at community or technical college programs last from six months to two years.

Look for short-term training programs near you at Local Training Finder. Get started with these steps:

  • Enter a keyword for the type of job or training you’re looking for.
  • Enter your location to view a list of programs near you.
  • Use the “Program Length” filter on the left-hand side of your results to limit your results by how long it typically takes to complete the program.

CareerOneStop offers more training resources, including information for adults interested in starting or returning to college or learning about how to pay for training.

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CareerOneStop helps identify your best training options

Young woman working on computer
Young woman working on computer

Ready to take the next step to advance your career but not sure where to start?  CareerOneStop is a gateway to information about a range of education options from getting your GED to earning a short-term credential or an advanced degree. Get started exploring the options below:

High school equivalency        

An alternative to a high school diploma, usually earned by taking the GED or another approved exam, having your GED can help you qualify for a job or enter a short-term training or college program.

Adult Basic Education

Need to brush up on up math, computer, work readiness skills? ABE offers classes in basic skills, English as a second language, life skills, and more. ABE courses are often free if your income is low.

Short-term training

Short-term training can offer a quick entry to career paths in health care, IT, manufacturing, driving, and other fields. Classes are often offered through community colleges and last two years or less.

College degree          

Two- or four-year college degrees are often required for professional careers. Financial aid is often available also, so check out program in your field of interest to see what you might qualify for.

Certification                         

Certifications are a credential that you earn by taking a test to prove your knowledge or skills. No matter where you are in your career, earning a certification is a great way to stay competitive in your field.

Professional development      

Professional development includes any activities that help you keep up to date in your field. Connect with professional associations in your field to enhance your professional development.

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Find a workplace culture you’ll thrive in

customer service representative
customer service representative

Thriving in a workplace culture can be a happy accident-or a well-planned success. Have you ever had the experience of working in a job that should have been great—but wasn’t? Loved the work but not the company? Unsafe or unethical practices? Co-workers you could not relate to?

In any case, even though many workplaces are now remote, it’s a safe bet that a closer match between your work values and the workplace culture could head off many job nightmares, and lead to more successful work experiences.

Why values?

Values are your beliefs about what is important or desirable. When your values line up with how you live and work, you tend to feel more satisfied and confident.

Living or working in ways that contradict your values can lead to dissatisfaction, confusion, and discouragement. So there is good reason to clarify your values, and seek to match your work and workplace culture to them.

Match personal values to workplace culture

How will you know when you’ve found a job or a company with a culture you will thrive in? A good place to start is to identify your own work-related values. CareerOneStop’s Work Values Matcher is a quick card sort exercise that asks you to rank statements to define your ideal job. Your choices indicate your top values.

The next step is to learn about a workplace’s values and culture. When you get your Work Values Matcher results, you’ll see a list of ideas about how to determine whether job opportunities and employers reflect your individual values. These ideas can be applied to networking, employer research, and job interviews.

How to recognize a workplace’s culture

Let’s use the value Recognition as an example to demonstrate some ways to recognize aspects of workplace culture.

The work value Recognition is described as a motivation to advance and lead in your career. If Recognition is one of your highest work values, it’s probably important to you to have authority over others or their work, and to develop a career with prestige and the potential for leadership. 

People whose strongest value is earning or gaining recognition will find more satisfaction in jobs with good prospects for advancement, prestige, and potential for leadership.

Some indicators that a value for Recognition may be featured in the culture include:

  • Employers seek employee input to improve day-to-day operations.
  • Career ladders are available for increasing responsibility and promotion.
  • Mentorship relationships are encouraged between junior and senior staff or others.

To learn how a specific employer views Recognition, asking these questions may be helpful in networking, informational interviews, and employer research meetings:

  • What are you most proud of about working for this organization?
  • Do you feel respected by your supervisor and co-workers?
  • Does the organization offer incentives for employee initiative and accomplishment?

And during a job interview, asking these questions will help to clarify where you might find opportunities to express your value for Recognition:

  • What are the goals for the first 6 months of this position?
  • Could you describe any training and professional development available in this position?
  • How would you describe the advancement potential for this position?

To identify your work values, take the CareerOneStop Work Values Matcher, where you can also read more about Recognition and the other five universal work values. Or learn more about career self-assessments in general.

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It’s not too late to land a holiday job

young woman using laptop computer
young woman using laptop computer

Although seasonal holiday hiring often happens as early as October or even September, this year is unlike most years. With the uncertainly business are facing, many are trying to remain as flexible as possible—which means hiring later in the season.

The Thanksgiving holiday weekend is often the kick-off of the busy holiday shopping season, and some retailers are waiting to see how their customers choose to shop this weekend before making hiring decisions. Will shoppers be visiting stores this year—meaning businesses will want to hire more in-store help? Or will they be staying home and shopping online—driving up staffing demands for personal shopping, warehouse assistance, and delivery people?

Where will the jobs be?

Typically, retail stores of all kinds see high demand during the holiday season—and they staff up on temporary sales assistance to meet that demand. This year may look different, with stay-at-home advisories in place in many communities. However, most retail is still open and owners are doing their best to make a safe shopping experience, from encouraging social distancing with one-way “paths” through stores to installing Plexiglas partitions. This means many stores may experience the typical holiday increase in customers—and the corresponding need for additional help for stocking, sales, and other jobs.

Whatever happens with in-store shopping, there’s no doubt that online purchases will surge this holiday season. This creates demand for several type of workers. Businesses of all sizes—from Amazon to tiny e-commerce sites—will need help sorting, packing, and shipping products. And transportation and delivery companies will need additional workers as well.

How do I find seasonal job openings?

Most companies, small or large, post their seasonal opportunities online. This may be on their own website or on one or more online job search sites. Try both of the options below to find opportunities in your community.

Company websites. If you know the company or employer you want to work for, visit the Employment or Careers section of their website. Then follow their directions for how to apply.

Online search. Visit CareerOneStop’s Job Finder to search for jobs near you. If you know the kind of job you’re looking for, you can enter that in the search box (for instance “retail” or “warehouse”). Or you can enter a business name. If you want to see a broad range of options, try searching with the keyword “seasonal” or “holiday”. Then enter your ZIP code and select how many miles you’re willing to travel. If you get a long list of results, an easy way to skim them is to look at the “Filter by Company” list to the left of your results.  You can scan this list for companies you’re interested in, and then click on the company name to see jobs they’ve posted. If you’re looking for work-from-home opportunities, you can click the “Remote jobs only” box.

Want more job search tips and resources?  Visit CareerOneStop’s Job Search.

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